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LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
Features
Typical Unit
Step-down buck regulators with industry-standard SMT footprint 3.3V input (3.0-3.6V range) 0.8/1/1.2/1.5/1.8/2/2.5VOUT @10A Non-isolated, fixed-frequency, synchronous-rectifier topology Tape and reel SMT package 1% setpoint accuracy Efficiencies to 94% @ 10 Amps Noise as low as 30mVp-p Stable no-load operation Remote on/off control Sense pin and output voltage trim Thermal shutdown No derating to +70C, natural convection UL/IEC/EN60950 certified EMC compliant
DATEL's LSM D3 Series for SMT (surface-mount) are non-isolated DC/DC converters that accept a 3.3V input (3.0V to 3.6V input range) and deliver 1V, 1.2V, 1.5V, 1.8V, 2V or 2.5V outputs at 10 Amps. LSM D3 SMT's are designed to take onboard 3.3V power and convert it, with the highest efficiency in the smallest space, to any lower voltage required by today's current-hungry DSP's, ASIC's and CPLD's. The LSM D3's miniature size makes them ideal for true point-of-use/load power processing. They occupy a mere 0.7 square inches (4.5 cm2) and are only 0.34 inches (8.64 mm) high. The SMT package is designed for pick and place including lead free reflow soldering, and they typically require no additional external components. The LSM's best-in-class power density is achieved with a fully synchronous, fixed-frequency (300kHz), buck topology that also delivers: high efficiency (94% for 2.5VOUT models), low noise (30mVp-p typ.), tight line/load regulation (0.1%/0.25% max.), quick step response (100sec), stable no-load operation, and no output reverse conduction. The fully functional LSM's feature output overcurrent detection, continuous shortcircuit and over-temperature protection, an output-voltage trim function, a remote on/ off control pin (pull low to disable), and a sense pin. High efficiency enables the LSM D3's to deliver rated output currents of 10 Amps at ambient temperatures to +70C with no air flow (natural convection). If your low-voltage, high-current requirements have made the use of inefficient linear regulators impractical, take a look at one of DATEL's easy-to-use, low-cost LSM SMT's (or equivalent LSN SIP's). All devices are UL/IEC/EN60950 certified and EMC compliant. UL, CB, HALT and EMC reports are available upon request.
+INPUT (2)
+OUTPUT (4)
+SENSE (6) COMMON (3) CURRENT SENSE VCC ON/OFF CONTROL (1) PWM CONTROLLER REFERENCE & ERROR AMP VOUT TRIM (5) COMMON (3)
Figure 1. Simplified Schematic
For full details go to www.murata-ps.com/rohs
For devices with the sense-pin removed ("B" suffix), the feedback path is through the +Output pin and not the +Sense pin.
Typical topology is shown
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 1 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
Performance Specifications and Ordering Guide
Output Model
LSM-0.8/10-D3 LSM-1/10-D3 LSM-1.2/10-D3 LSM-1.5/10-D3 LSM-1.8/10-D3 LSM-2/10-D3 LSM-2.5/10-D3
Input Regulation (Max.) Line Load
0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25% 0.25%
VOUT (Volts)
0.8 1 1.2 1.5 1.8 2 2.5
IOUT (Amps)
10 10 10 10 10 10 10
R/N (mVp-p) Typ. Max.
30 30 30 30 30 30 30 50 50 50 50 50 50 50
VIN Nom. (Volts)
3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3
Range (Volts)
3-3.6 3-3.6 3-3.6 3-3.6 3-3.6 3-3.6 3-3.6
IIN (mA/A)
70/3.0 70/3.52 70/4.13 70/5.05 70/5.96 70/6.55 70/8.1
Efficiency Full Load 1/2 Load Min.
81% 84% 86% 88% 89.5% 90.5% 91.5%
Typ.
84% 86% 88% 90% 91.5% 92.5% 93.5%
Typ.
85% 90% 91% 92% 93% 94% 95%
Package (Case, Pinout)
C45, P63 C45, P63 C45, P63 C45, P63 C45, P63 C45, P63 C45, P63
Typical at TA = +25C under nominal line voltage and full-load conditions, unless otherwise noted. All models are tested and specified with external 22F tantalum input and output capacitors. These capacitors are necessary to accommodate our test equipment and may not be required to achieve specified performance in your applications. See I/O Filtering and Noise Reduction. Ripple/Noise (R/N) is tested/specified over a 20MHz bandwidth and may be reduced with external filtering. See I/O Filtering and Noise Reduction for details.
These devices have no minimum-load requirements and will regulate under no-load conditions. Regulation specifications describe the output-voltage deviation as the line voltage or load is varied from its nominal/midpoint value to either extreme. Nominal line voltage, no-load/full-load conditions. Contact DATEL for availability.
PART
NUMBER
STRUCTURE
MECHANICAL
SPECIFICATIONS
Output Configuration: L = Unipolar Low Voltage
L SM - 1.8 / 10 - D3 - C
RoHS-6 compliant*
Non-Isolated SMT Nominal Output Voltage: 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.5, 1.8, 2, or 2.5 Volts
Input Voltage Range: D3 = 3.0 to 3.6 Volts (3.3V nominal) Maximum Rated Output Current in Amps
Note: Not all model number combinations are available. Contact Murata Power Solutions (DATEL).
Case C45
1.36 (34.54)
0.55 (13.97)
0.310 (7.87)
0.570 (14.48) 3 EQ. SP. @ 0.190 (4.83)
0.010 (0.254)
0.60 (15.24)
DIMENSIONS ARE IN INCHES (MM)
0.375 (9.53) 0.052 (1.32)
3
4
5
6 1
0.062 (1.57)
2
0.112 TYP. (2.84) 0.049 (1.24)
0.047 (1.19)
BOTTOM VIEW
0.052 (1.32)
LSM WITH REMOVEABLE HEAT SHIELD FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE SOLDER
Refer to the last page for Tape and Reel information.
CAUTION PRESS TO REMOVE THE HEAT SHIELD AFTER THE SOLDER PROCESS NOTCH IN SHELL INDICATES PIN ONE
Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6
I/O Connections Function P63 On/Off Control +Input Common +Output VOUT Trim +Sense
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 2 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
Performance/Functional Specifications
Typical @ TA = +25C under nominal line voltage and full-load conditions unless noted.
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Input Voltage: Continuous or transient On/Off Control (Pin 1) Input Reverse-Polarity Protection Output Overvoltage Protection Output Current short without damage. Storage Temperature Lead Temperature (soldering, 10 sec.)
Input
Input Voltage Range Input Current: Normal Operating Conditions Inrush Transient Standby/Off Mode Output Short-Circuit Condition Input Reflected Ripple Current Input Filter Type Overvoltage Protection Reverse-Polarity Protection Undervoltage Shutdown On/Off Control 4.5 to 5.5 Volts (5V nominal) See Ordering Guide 0.01A2sec 8mA 110mA average 10mAp-p Capacitive (44F) None None None On = open (internal pull-up to +VIN) Off = 0 to +0.8V (1ma max.)
6 Volts +VIN None None Current limited. Devices can withstand sustained output circuits -40 to +125C See Reflow Solder Profile
These are stress ratings. Exposure of devices to any of these conditions may adversely affect long-term reliability. Proper operation under conditions other than those listed in the Performance/Functional Specifications Table is not implied.
Output
VOUT Accuracy (50% load) Minimum Loading Maximum Capacitive Load VOUT Trim Range Ripple/Noise (20MHz BW) Total Accuracy Efficiency 1% maximum No load 1000F (low ESR, OSCON) 10% (0.8V not trimmable) See Ordering Guide 3% over line/load temperature See Ordering Guide
TECHNICAL NOTES
I/O Filtering and Noise Reduction All models in the LSM D3 Series are tested and specified with external 22F tantalum input and output capacitors. These capacitors are necessary to accommodate our test equipment and may not be required to achieve desired performance in your application. The LSM D3's are designed with high-quality, high-performance internal I/O caps, and will operate within spec in most applications with no additional external components. In particular, the LSM D3's input capacitors are specified for low ESR and are fully rated to handle the units' input ripple currents. Similarly, the internal output capacitors are specified for low ESR and full-range frequency response. As shown in the Performance Curves, removal of the external 22F tantalum output caps has minimal effect on output noise. In critical applications, input/output ripple/noise may be further reduced using filtering techniques, the simplest being the installation of external I/O caps. External input capacitors serve primarily as energy-storage devices. They minimize high-frequency variations in input voltage (usually caused by IR drops in conductors leading to the DC/DC) as the switching converter draws pulses of current. Input capacitors should be selected for bulk capacitance (at appropriate frequencies), low ESR, and high rms-ripple-current ratings. The switching nature of modern DC/DC's requires that the dc input voltage source have low ac impedance at the frequencies of interest. Highly inductive source impedances can greatly affect system stability. Your specific system configuration may necessitate additional considerations.
Overcurrent Detection and Short-Circuit Protection: Current-Limiting Detection Point 17 (13-23.5) Amps Short-Circuit Detection Point 98% of VOUT set SC Protection Technique Hiccup with auto recovery Short-Circuit Current 600mA average
Dynamic Characteristics
Transient Response (50% load step) Start-Up Time: VIN to VOUT On/Off to VOUT Switching Frequency: Calculated MTBF 100sec to 2% of final value 7msec 6msec 300kHz (+40/-50kHz)
Environmental
2.3-1.8 million hours (1VOUT to 5VOUT) Operating Temperature: (Ambient) Without Derating (Natural convection) -40 to +65/71C (model dependent) With Derating See Derating Curves Thermal Shutdown Dimensions Pin Dimensions/Material Weight Flammability Rating Safety +115C (110 to 125C)
Physical
1.3" x 0.53" x 0.34" (33.02 x 13.46 x 8.64 mm) 0.112" x 0.062" (2.84 x 1.57mm) rectangular copper with gold plate over nickel underplate 0.28 ounces (7.8g) UL94V-0 UL/cUL/IEC/EN 60950, CSA-C22.2 No. 60950
All models are tested and specified with external 22F tantalum input and output capacitors. These capacitors are necessary to accommodate our test equipment and may not be required to achieve specified performance in your applications. All models are stable and regulate within spec under no-load conditions. See Technical Notes and Performance Curves for details. The On/Off Control (pin 1) is designed to be driven with open-collector logic or the application of appropriate voltages (referenced to Common, pin 3). Applying a voltage to On/Off Control when no input voltage is applied to the converter may cause permanent damage. Output noise may be further reduced with the installation of additional external output filtering. See I/O Filtering and Noise Reduction. MTBF's are calculated using Telcordia SR-332(Bellcore), ground fixed, TA = +25C, full power, natural convection, +67C pcb temperature.
Figure 2. Measuring Input Ripple Current
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 3 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
Output ripple/noise (also referred to as periodic and random deviations or PARD) may be reduced below specified limits with the installation of additional external output capacitors. Output capacitors function as true filter elements and should be selected for bulk capacitance, low ESR, and appropriate frequency response. Any scope measurements of PARD should be made directly at the DC/DC output pins with scope probe ground less than 0.5" in length. Input Overvoltage and Reverse-Polarity Protection LSM D3 SMT Series DC/DC's do not incorporate either input overvoltage or input reverse-polarity protection. Input voltages in excess of the specified absolute maximum ratings and input polarity reversals of longer than "instantaneous" duration can cause permanent damage to these devices. Start-Up Time The VIN to VOUT Start-Up Time is the interval between the time at which a ramping input voltage crosses the lower limit of the specified input voltage range (3 Volts) and the fully loaded output voltage enters and remains within its specified accuracy band. Actual measured times will vary with input source impedance, external input capacitance, and the slew rate and final value of the input voltage as it appears to the converter. The On/Off to VOUT Start-Up Time assumes the converter is turned off via the On/Off Control with the nominal input voltage already applied to the converter. The specification defines the interval between the time at which the converter is turned on and the fully loaded output voltage enters and remains within its specified accuracy band. See Typical Performance Curves. Remote Sense LSM D3 SMT Series DC/DC converters offer an output sense function on pin 6. The sense function enables point-of-use regulation for overcoming moderate IR drops in conductors and/or cabling. Since these are non-isolated devices whose inputs and outputs usually share the same ground plane, sense is provided only for the +Output. The remote sense line is part of the feedback control loop regulating the DC/DC converter's output. The sense line carries very little current and consequently requires a minimal cross-sectional-area conductor. As such, it is not a low-impedance point and must be treated with care in layout and cabling. Sense lines should be run adjacent to signals (preferably ground), and in cable and/or discrete-wiring applications, twisted-pair or similar techniques should be used. To prevent high frequency voltage differences between VOUT and Sense, we recommend installation of a 1000pF capacitor close to the converter. The sense function is capable of compensating for voltage drops between the +Output and +Sense pins that do not exceed 10% of VOUT. [VOUT(+) - Common] - [Sense(+) - Common] 10%VOUT
+SENSE +OUTPUT
6 4
COPPER STRIP
C1
C2
SCOPE
RLOAD
COMMON
3 COPPER STRIP
C1 = NA C2 = 22F TANTALUM LOAD 2-3 INCHES (51-76mm) FROM MODULE
Figure 3. Measuring Output Ripple/Noise (PARD)
All external capacitors should have appropriate voltage ratings and be located as close to the converters as possible. Temperature variations for all relevant parameters should be taken into consideration. The most effective combination of external I/O capacitors will be a function of your line voltage and source impedance, as well as your particular load and layout conditions. Our Applications Engineers can recommend potential solutions and discuss the possibility of our modifying a given device's internal filtering to meet your specific requirements. Contact our Applications Engineering Group for additional details. Input Fusing Most applications and or safety agencies require the installation of fuses at the inputs of power conversion components. LSM D3 Series DC/DC converters are not internally fused. Therefore, if input fusing is mandatory, either a normal-blow or a fast-blow fuse with a value no greater than 17 Amps should be installed within the ungrounded input path to the converter. As a rule of thumb however, we recommend to use a normal-blow or slowblow fuse with a typical value of about twice the maximum input current, calculated at low line with the converters minimum efficiency. Safety Considerations LSM D3 SMT's are non-isolated DC/DC converters. In general, all DC/DC's must be installed, including considerations for I/O voltages and spacing/ separation requirements, in compliance with relevant safety-agency specifications (usually UL/IEC/EN60950). In particular, for a non-isolated converter's output voltage to meet SELV (safety extra low voltage) requirements, its input must be SELV compliant. If the output needs to be ELV (extra low voltage), the input must be ELV.
Power derating (output current limiting) is based upon maximum output current and voltage at the converter's output pins. Use of trim and sense functions can cause the output voltage to increase, thereby increasing output power beyond the LSM's specified rating. Therefore: (VOUT at pins) x (IOUT) rated output power
The internal 10.5 resistor between +Sense and +Output (see Figure 1) serves to protect the sense function by limiting the output current flowing through the sense line if the main output is disconnected. It also prevents output voltage runaway if the sense connection is disconnected. Note: If the sense function is not used for remote regulation, +Sense (pin 6) must be tied to +Output (pin 4) at the DC/DC converter pins. For the "B" model number option (sense pad removed), the sense is internally connected to +VOUT.
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 4 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
On/Off Control The On/Off Control pin may be used for remote on/off operation. LSM D3 Series DC/DC converters are designed so that they are enabled when the control pin is left open (open collector) and disabled when the control pin is pulled low (to less than +0.8V relative to Common). As shown in Figure 4, all models have an internal 5k pull-up resistor to VIN (+Input). Dynamic control of the on/off function is best accomplished with a mechanical relay or open-collector/open-drain drive circuit (optically isolated if appropriate). The drive circuit should be able to sink appropriate current when activated and withstand appropriate voltage when deactivated.
+INPUT
5k 10k
EXTERNAL OPEN COLLECTOR INPUT COMMON
External Input Open: External Input Low:
On/Off pin Low = DC/DC converter Off On/Off pin High = DC/DC converter On
Figure 5. Driving the External Power-Up Open Collector
Output Overcurrent Detection Overloading the power converter's output for an extended time will invariably cause internal component temperatures to exceed their maximum ratings and eventually lead to component failure. High-current-carrying components such as inductors, FET's and diodes are at the highest risk. LSM D3 SMT Series DC/DC converters incorporate an output overcurrent detection and shutdown function that serves to protect both the power converter and its load.
ON/OFF pin open: ON/OFF pin <0.4V: Logic High = DC/DC converter On Logic Low = DC/DC converter Off
Figure 4. Driving the On/Off Control Pin with an Open-Collector Drive Circuit
Applying an external voltage to the On/Off Control pin when no input power is applied to the converter can cause permanent damage to the converter. The on/off control function, however, is designed such that the converter can be disabled (control pin pulled low) while input voltage is ramping up and then "released" once the input has stabilized (see also power-up sequencing). Power-up sequencing If a controlled start-up of one or more LSM D3 Series DC/DC converters is required, or if several output voltages need to be powered-up in a given sequence, the On/Off control pin can be driven with an external open collector device as per Figure 5. Leaving the input of the external circuit open during power-up will have the output of the DC/DC converter disabled. When the input to the external open collector is pulled low, the DC/DC converters output will be enabled. Output Overvoltage Protection LSM D3 SMT Series DC/DC converters do not incorporate output overvoltage protection. In the extremely rare situation in which the device's feedback loop is broken, the output voltage may run to excessively high levels (VOUT = VIN). If it is absolutely imperative that you protect your load against any and all possible overvoltage situations, voltage limiting circuitry must be provided external to the power converter.
If the output current exceeds it maximum rating by typically 70% (17 Amps) or if the output voltage drops to less than 98% of it original value, the LSM D3's internal overcurrent-detection circuitry immediately turns off the converter, which then goes into a "hiccup" mode. While hiccupping, the converter will continuously attempt to restart itself, go into overcurrent, and then shut down. Under these conditions, the average output current will be approximately 600mA, and the average input current will be approximately 110mA. Once the output short is removed, the converter will automatically restart itself. Output Voltage Trimming Allowable trim ranges for each model in the LSM D3 SMT Series are 10%. Trimming is accomplished with either a trimpot or a single fixed resistor. The trimpot should be connected between +Output and Common with its wiper connected to the Trim pin as shown in Figure 6 below. A trimpot can be used to determine the value of a single fixed resistor which can then be connected, as shown in Figure 7, between the Trim pin and +Output to trim down the output voltage, or between the Trim pin and Common to trim up the output voltage. Fixed resistors should have absolute TCR's less than 100ppm/ C to ensure stability. The equations below can be starting points for selecting specific trim-resistor values. Recall, untrimmed devices are guaranteed to be 1% accurate. Adjustment beyond the specified 10% adjustment range is not recommended. When using trim in combination with Remote Sense, the maximum rated power must not be exceeded (see Remote Sense).
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 5 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
Output Reverse Conduction Many DC/DC's using synchronous rectification suffer from Output Reverse Conduction. If those devices have a voltage applied across their output before a voltage is applied to their input (this typically occurs when another power supply starts before them in a power-sequenced application), they will either fail to start or self destruct. In both cases, the cause is the "freewheeling" or "catch" FET biasing itself on and effectively becoming a short circuit. LSM D3 SMT DC/DC converters do not suffer from Output Reverse Conduction. They employ proprietary gate drive circuitry that makes them immune to applied output voltages. Thermal Considerations and Thermal Protection
Note: Install either a fixed trim-up resistor or a fixed trim-down resistor depending upon desired output voltage.
Figure 6. Trim Connections Using a Trimpot
The typical output-current thermal-derating curves shown below enable designers to determine how much current they can reliably derive from each model of the LSM D3 SMT's under known ambient-temperature and air-flow conditions. Similarly, the curves indicate how much air flow is required to reliably deliver a specific output current at known temperatures. The highest temperatures in LSM D3 SMT's occur at their output inductor, whose heat is generated primarily by I 2 R losses. The derating curves were developed using thermocouples to monitor the inductor temperature and varying the load to keep that temperature below +110C under the assorted conditions of air flow and air temperature. Once the temperature exceeds +115C (approx.), the thermal protection will disable the converter. Automatic restart occurs after the temperature has dropped below +110C.
Figure 7. Trim Connections Using Fixed Resistors Trim Equations
Model
Trim Equations RT DOWN (k ) = 1.62(VO - 0.8) 1 - VO 1.296 VO - 1 -1 -1
LSM-1/10-D3 RT UP (k ) =
As you may deduce from the derating curves and observe in the efficiency curves on the following pages, LSM D3 SMT's are more efficient at lower current levels. Also I2R losses in the output inductor are significantly less at lower current levels. Consequently, LSN-D3 SMT's deliver very impressive temperature performance if operating at less than full load. Lastly, when LSM D3 SMT's are installed in system boards, they are obviously subject to numerous factors and tolerances not taken into account here. If you are attempting to extract the most current out of these units under demanding temperature conditions, we advise you to monitor the outputinductor temperature to ensure it remains below +110C at all times.
RT DOWN (k ) = LSM-1.2/10-D3 RT UP (k ) =
2.49(VO - 0.8) 1.2 - VO 1.992 VO - 1.2
- 2.37
- 2.37
LSM-1.5/10-D3 LSM-1.8/10-D3 LSM-2/10-D3 LSM-2.5/10-D3
RT DOWN (k ) = RT UP (k ) =
2.37(VO - 0.8) VO NOM - VO 1.896 VO - VO NOM
- 4.99
- 4.99
Note: Resistor values are in k . Accuracy of adjustment is subject to tolerances of resistors and factory-adjusted, initial output accuracy. VO = desired output voltage. VONOM = nominal output voltage. Note: LSM-0.8/10-D3 is not trimmable.
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 6 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
Start Up Considerations When power is first applied to the DC/DC converter, operation is different than when the converter is running and stabilized. There is some risk of start up difficulties if you do not observe several application features. Lower input voltage converters may have more problems here since they tend to have higher input currents. Operation is most critical with any combination of the following external factors: 1 - Low initial input line voltage and/or poor regulation of the input source. 2 - Full output load current on lower output voltage converters. 3 - Slow slew rate of input voltage. 4 - Longer distance to input voltage source and/or higher external input source impedance. 5 - Limited or insufficient ground plane. External wiring that is too small. 6 - Too small external input capacitance. Too high ESR. 7 - High output capacitance causing a start up charge overcurrent surge. 8 - Output loads with excessive inductive reactance or constant current characteristics. If the input voltage is already at the low limit before power is applied, the start up surge current may instantaneously reduce the voltage at the input terminals to below the specified minimum voltage. Even if this voltage depression is very brief, this may interfere with the on-board controller and possibly cause a failed start. Or the converter may start but the input current load will now drive the input voltage below its running low limit and the converter will shut down. If you measure the input voltage before start up with a Digital Voltmeter (DVM), the voltage may appear to be adequate. Limited external capacitance and/or too high a source impedance may cause a short downward spike at power up, causing an instantaneous voltage drop. Use an oscilloscope not a DVM to observe this spike. The converter's soft-start controller is sensitive to input voltage. What matters here is the actual voltage at the input terminals at all times. Symptoms of start-up difficulties may include failed started, output oscillation or brief start up then overcurrent shutdown. Since the input voltage is never absolutely constant, the converter may start up at some times and not at others.
Solutions To improve start up, review the conditions above. One of the better solutions is to place a moderate size capacitor very close to the input terminals. You may need two parallel capacitors. A larger electrolytic or tantalum cap supplies the surge current and a smaller parallel low-ESR ceramic cap gives low AC impedance. Too large an electrolytic capacitor may have higher internal impedance (ESR) and/or lower the start up slew rate enough to upset the DC/DC's controller. Make sure the capacitors can tolerate reflected switching current pulses from the converter. The capacitors will not help if the input source has poor regulation. A converter which starts successfully at 3.3 Volts will turn off if the input voltage decays to below the input voltage theshold, regardless of external capacitance. Increase the input start up voltage if possible to raise the downward voltage spike. Also, make sure that the input voltage ramps up in a reasonably short time (less than a few milliseconds). If possible, move the input source closer to the converter to reduce ohmic losses in the input wiring. Remember that the input current is carried both by the wiring and the ground plane return. Make sure the ground plane uses adequate thickness copper. Run additional bus wire if necessary. Any added output capacitor should use just enough capacitance (and no more) to reduce output noise at the load and to avoid marginal threshold noise problems with external logic. An output cap will also "decouple" inductive reactance in the load. Certain kinds of electronic loads include "constant current" characteristics which destabilize the output with insufficient capacitance. If the wiring to the eventual load is long, consider placing this decoupling cap at the load. Use the Remote Sense input to avoid ohmic voltage drop errors. An elegant solution to start up problems is to apply the input voltage with the Remote On/Off control first in the off setting (for those converters with an On/Off Control). After the specified start-up delay (usually under 20 mSec), turn on the converter. The controller will have already been stabilized. The short delay will not be noticed in most applications. Be aware of applications which need "power management" (phased start up). Finally, it is challenging to model some application circuits with absolute fidelity. How low is the resistance of your ground plane? What is the inductance (and distributed capacitance) of external wiring? Even a detailed mathematical model may not get all aspects of your circuit. Therefore it is difficult to give cap values which serve all applications. Some experimentation may be required.
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 7 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
Typical Performance Curves for LSM-10A D3 SMT Series
LSM-1/10-D3 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current 91 89 87 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 85 95 94 93 92 91 LSM-1.8/10-D3 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current
VIN = 3V
83
VIN = 3.3V
81 79 77 75
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
VIN = 3V
90
VIN = 3.3V VIN = 3.6V
89
VIN = 3.6V
88 87
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Load Current (Amps) LSM-1.2/10-D3 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current 92 95 94 90 93 88 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 92 91 90
Load Current (Amps) LSM-2/10-D3 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current
VIN = 3V
86
VIN = 3V VIN = 3.3V VIN = 3.6V
VIN = 3.3V
84
VIN = 3.6V
82
89 88
80
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
87
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Load Current (Amps)
LSM-1.5/10-D3 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current 94 93 92 95 91 Efficiency (%) Efficiency (%) 90 94 97 96
Load Current (Amps)
LSM-2.5/10-D3 Efficiency vs. Line Voltage and Load Current
VIN = 3V
89
VIN = 3V
93
VIN = 3.3V
88
VIN = 3.3V
92
VIN = 3.6V
87 86 85 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Load Current (Amps)
VIN = 3.6V
91 90 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Load Current (Amps)
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 8 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
Typical Performance Curves for LSM-10A D3 SMT Series
LSM-1/10-D3 & LSM-1.2/10-D3 Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (SMT mount, air flow direction from pin 2 to pin 1)
10 10
LSM-1.5/10-D3 Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (SMT mount, air flow direction from pin 2 to pin 1)
Output Current (Amps)
Natural Convection
6
Output Current (Amps)
8
8
Natural Convection
6
100 lfm
4
100 lfm
4
200 lfm
2
200 lfm
2
0 -40
0
60
70
80
90
100
110
0 -40
0
60
70
80
90
100
110
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Ambient Temperature ( C)
LSM-1.8/10-D3 & LSM-2/10-D3 Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (SMT mount, air flow direction from pin 2 to pin 1)
10 10
LSM-2.5/10-D3 Output Current vs. Ambient Temperature (SMT mount, air flow direction from pin 2 to pin 1)
Output Current (Amps)
Natural Convection
6
Output Current (Amps)
8
8
Natural Convection
6
100 lfm
4
100 lfm
4
200 lfm
2
200 lfm
2
0 -40
0
60
70
80
90
100
110
0 -40
0
60
70
80
90
100
110
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Ambient Temperature ( C)
Input Inrush Current (VIN = 3.3V, 6600F as Input Switch)
Input Reflected Ripple Current (VIN = 3.3V, VOUT = 2V/10A, Input Filter = 220F/12H/33F)
5A/div 50mA/div
20sec/div 1sec/div
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 9 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
Typical Performance Curves for LSM-10A D3 SMT Series at VIN = 3.3V
Start-Up from ON/OFF (IOUT = 1V/10A, CIN/COUT = 22F) Start-Up from ON/OFF (IOUT = 2V/10A, CIN/COUT = 22F)
VIN
2V/div
VIN
2V/div
VOUT
1V/div
VOUT
1V/div
2msec/div
2msec/div
Start-Up from VIN (IOUT = 1V/10A, CIN/COUT = 22F)
Start-Up from VIN (IOUT = 2V/10A, CIN/COUT = 22F)
VIN
2V/div
VIN
2V/div
VOUT
1V/div
VOUT
1V/div
2msec/div
2msec/div
Output Hiccup (LSM-1/10-D3, Shorted VOUT)
Output Hiccup (LSM-2/10-D3, Shorted VOUT)
100mV/div
100mV/div
4msec/div
4msec/div
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 10 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
Typical Performance Curves for LSM-10A D3 SMT Series at VIN = 3.3V
Output Ripple and Noise (VOUT = 2V/10A, CIN/COUT = 22F, BW = 20MHz) Output Ripple and Noise (VOUT = 1V/10A, CIN/COUT = 22F, BW = 20MHz)
20mV/div
20mV/div
1sec/div
1sec/div
Dynamic Load Response (VOUT = 2V, 5 to 10A Step, CIN/COUT = 22F)
Dynamic Load Response (VOUT = 2V, 5 to 10A Step, CIN = 22F, COUT = 1000F Oscon)
50mV/div
50mV/div
100sec/div
100sec/div
Dynamic Load Response (VOUT = 1V, 5 to 10A Step, CIN/COUT = 22F)
Dynamic Load Response (VOUT = 1V, 5 to 10A Step, CIN = 22F, COUT = 1000F Oscon)
50mV/div
50mV/div
100sec/div
100sec/div
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 11 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
Tape & Reel Surface Mount Package
DATEL's LSM series DC/DC converters are the only higher-current (10A) SMT DC/DC's that can be automatically "pick-and-placed" using standard vacuum-pickup equipment (nozzle size and style, vacuum pressure and placement speed may need to be optimized for automated pick and place) and subsequently reflowed using high-temperature, lead-free solder. Virtually all SMT DC/DC's today are unprotected "open-frame" devices assembled by their vendors with high-temperature solder (usually Sn96.5/Ag3.5 with a melting point +221C) so that you may attach them to your board using low-temperature solder (usually Sn63/Pb37 with a melting point of +183C). Conceptually straightforward, this "stepped" solder approach has its limitations, and it is clearly out of step with an industry trending toward the broad use of lead-free solders. Are you to experiment and develop reflow profiles from other vendors that ensure the components on those DC/DC never exceed 215-216C? If those components get too hot, "double-reflow" could compromise the reliability of their solder joints. Virtually all these devices demand you "cool down" the Sn63 profile you are likely using today. DATEL is not exempted from the Laws of Physics, and we do not have magic solders no one else has. Nevertheless, we have a simple and practical, straightforward approach that works. We assemble our LSM SMT DC/DC's using a high-temperature (+216C), lead-free alloy (Sn96.2%, Ag2.5%, Cu0.8%, Sb0.5%). The LSM design ensures co-planarity to within 0.004 inches (1001m) of the unit's copper leads. These leads are gold-plated with a nickel underplate. See Mechanical Data for additional information. The disposable heat shield (patent pending), which has a cutaway exposing the package leads, provides thermal insulation to internal components during reflow and its smooth surface ideally doubles as the vacuum pick-up location also. The insulation properties of the heat shield are so effective that temperature differentials as high as 50C develop inside-to-outside the shield. Oven temperature profiles with peaks of 250-260C and dwell times exceeding 2 minutes above 221C (the melting point of Sn96.5/Ag3.5) are easily achieved.
250 221
Sn96.5/Ag3.5 Melting Point
HEAT SHIELD OUTSIDE TEMPERATURE
Temperature (C)
200 183 150
Sn63/Pb37 Melting Point
PCB TEMPERATURE INSIDE THE HEAT SHIELD
100
50 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Time (Seconds)
Figure 6. Reflow Solder Profile
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MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 12 of 13
LSM-10A D3 Models
Single Output, Non-Isolated, 3.3VIN, 0.8-2.5VOUT 10 Amp DC/DC's in SMT Packages
DATEL's new-generation LSM SMT DC/DC converters are shipped in quantities of 150 modules per tape and reel.
0.158 (4)
1.102 (28)
CENTERED PICK UP LOCATION
1.370 (34.8)
2.205 (56)
2.063 (52.4)
1 1 1
NOTCH IN SHELL INDICATES PIN ONE.
CAUTION PRESS TO REMOVE THE HEAT SHIELD AFTER THE SOLDER PROCESS.
FEED DIRECTION
TAPE DIMENSIONS IN INCHES (mm) 0.590 (14.97) 0.605 (15.36)
Figure 7. Tape Dimensions
2.44 (62.0)
13.0 (330.2) 7.38 (187.5) 0.51(13.0)
Figure 8. Reel Dimensions
USA: UK: France: Japan:
Tucson (Az), Tel: (800) 547 2537, email: sales@murata-ps.com Milton Keynes, Tel: +44 (0)1908 615232, email: mk@murata-ps.com Montigny Le Bretonneux, Tel: +33 (0)1 34 60 01 01, email: france@murata-ps.com Tokyo, Tel: 3-3779-1031, email: sales_tokyo@murata-ps.com Osaka, Tel: 6-6354-2025, email: sales_osaka@murata-ps.com Website: www.murata-ps.jp Shanghai, Tel: +86 215 027 3678, email: shanghai@murata-ps.com Guangzhou, Tel: +86 208 221 8066, email: guangzhou@murata-ps.com
Canada: Toronto, Tel: (866) 740 1232, email: toronto@murata-ps.com
Murata Power Solutions, Inc. 11 Cabot Boulevard, Mansfield, MA 02048-1151 U.S.A. Tel: (508) 339-3000 (800) 233-2765 Fax: (508) 339-6356
www.murata-ps.com email: sales@murata-ps.com ISO 9001 REGISTERED
Murata Power Solutions, Inc. makes no representation that the use of its products in the circuits described herein, or the use of other technical information contained herein, will not infringe upon existing or future patent rights. The descriptions contained herein do not imply the granting of licenses to make, use, or sell equipment constructed in accordance therewith. Specifications are subject to change without notice. (c) 2008 Murata Power Solutions, Inc.
Germany: Munchen, Tel: +49 (0)89-544334-0, email: munich@murata-ps.com
China:
03/05/08
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Technical enquiries email: sales@murata-ps.com, tel: +1 508 339 3000
MDC_LSM-10A D3.B01 Page 13 of 13

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